Pleuroperitoneal Fistula, an Unusual Case of Recurrent Unilateral Transudative Pleural Effusion.

A 39-year-old woman afflicted by systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) with musculoskeletal involvement and end-stage renal failure (ESRF) on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) presented with recurrent left-sided transudative pleural effusion. Guided by the ratio of pleural glucose to serum glucose > 1, and further confirmatory tests via a targeted imaging study, we were able to secure the diagnosis of a pleuroperitoneal leak. This case report highlighted the finding of this uncommon diagnosis that, if missed, would be detrimental to the patient's care.