Ameliorative effects of Bambusa balcooa leaf extract on high fat diet induced obesity, metabolic dysregulation, and adipocyte oxidative stress in C57BL/6 mice.

The ameliorative potential of Bambusa balcooa leaf extract against high-fat diet (HFD) metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress was evaluated in C57BL/6 mouse adipocytes. Oral administration of Bambusa balcooa leaf extract (BLE; 200 mg/kg b.w.) for 70 days significantly reduced body and organ weights in HFD-induced obese mice while improving blood glucose levels and lipid profiles. In the adipose tissue of the HFD + BL group, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels were significantly decreased, accompanied by enhanced endogenous antioxidant defenses and reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, HFD-induced histological alterations in adipose tissue were markedly restored, confirming the protective role of BLE. Structural and chemical characterization via UV-Vis, FTIR, and GC-MS analyses identified 37 bioactive compounds. Among these, phytol, γ sitosterol, campesterol, neophytadiene, N,N-dimethylglycine, dl-α-tocopherol, phenol 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, squalene, and octacosanol were identified as the major bioactive agents. These findings demonstrate that B. balcooa leaf extract exhibits strong protective potential for managing HFD-induced obesity-linked metabolic dysregulation and adipocyte oxidative stress.