Orbital Compartment Syndrome Following Incisional Biopsy of Orbital Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma.

A 73-year-old man presented with a swelling in the left upper eyelid and decreased vision for 3 weeks before referral to us. On the first examination, his left best-corrected visual acuity was 0.4. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an orbital lesion on the left side. He consulted with us on 6 days post-incisional biopsy after noticing left eye vision loss at the postoperative 4 days. His left eye visual acuity was no light perception. Funduscopic and optical coherence tomographic examinations indicated left central retinal artery occlusion. Imaging studies demonstrated a left globe tenting with a posterior globe angle of 90°. Although steroid pulse therapy was started on the same day, the left eye vision loss did not recover. Four days later, the pathological result was obtained, which corresponded to natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. Chemotherapy using the CHOP regimen responded poorly, and the patient died 2 months after the biopsy.