Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in patients who underwent endoscopic nasal sinus surgery: Investigation of nasal obstruction as a risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with nasal diseases who underwent endoscopic nasal sinus surgery (ESS) compared with control patients without nasal disease who underwent tonsillectomy.

METHODS

An observational retrospective case-control study was conducted of 150 adults with nasal diseases who underwent ESS (ESS group) as well as 94 adults with no nasal symptoms or diseases who underwent tonsillectomy due to infection of the tonsils (tonsillectomy group). Patients with obstructive sleep apnea, patients with a chief complaint of snoring or excessive daytime sleepiness, or patients having large tonsils were excluded from the study. Home sleep apnea testing was performed prior to admission for surgery.

RESULTS

The prevalence in normal, mild, moderate, and severe SDB was respectively 30.0 %, 38.0 %, 22.7 %, and 9.3 % in the ESS group and 50.0 %, 39.4 %, 10.6 %, and 0 % in the tonsillectomy group. There were significant differences in the mean 3 % oxygen desaturation index (3 %ODI) score between the ESS and tonsillectomy groups in men but not in women. Obese men in the ESS group were much more susceptible to having moderate or severe SDB when they were aged ≥40 years. Regression analysis revealed that the preoperative 3 %ODI score had two significant determinants in the ESS group-BMI and male sex-whereas age, nasal resistance, and CRS with nasal polyps were not significant predictors.

CONCLUSIONS

Among patients who underwent ESS, 32.0 % had moderate to severe SDB, including 9.3 % with severe SDB. Nasal obstruction could be a potential risk factor for SDB in male patients.