Valvular Heart Disease in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with reduced functional capacity and quality of life, as well as with high rates of heart failure hospitalisation and mortality. Valvular heart disease (VHD) is frequently encountered in patients with HFpEF, and both conditions share common risk factors, such as age, hypertension, diabetes and coronary artery disease, which may contribute to their shared pathogenesis and progression. With recent advances in percutaneous therapies for VHD and an improved understanding of HFpEF, there is a growing interest in the relationship between VHD and HFpEF. In this review, we provide an overview of the pathophysiology, epidemiology and management strategies of tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation in the setting of HFpEF.