Long-Term Remission in a Pediatric Patient With Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia after Complementary Haplo-Cord Transplant with Vaccine Effect.

Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia often exhibits adverse biologic features and treatment resistance. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant as consolidation in remission status after initial therapy offers the greatest possibility of long-term disease control. For patients without options of human leukocyte antigen-matched family donor or unrelated human leukocyte antigen-matched donor or killer immunoglobulin-like receptor-favorable haploidentical donor, an alternative strategy using vaccine hematopoietic stem cell transplant such as complementary haplo-cord hematopoietic stem cell transplant could have good graft-versus-leukemia effect and enable long-term remission. Here, we reported a successful case of more than 3 years of leukemia-free survival in a patient with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia who underwent haplo-cord hematopoietic stem cell transplant with vaccine effect.