Cancer treatment and research communications · 2026
Altered expression of ET-1 and HMGB1 together with higher MMP-9 activity in serum-derived exosomes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Ghotbbahaei Maryam, Amoei Amirhossein, Lotfi Maryam, Tehrani Mohsen, Taghiloo Saeid, Zaboli Ehsan, Eslami-Jouybari Mohammad, Mirzakhani Leila, Ehsani Zohreh, Shekarriz Ramin, Montazeri Maryam, Saeedi Majid, Asgarian-Omran Hossein
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Evidences indicate that tumor-derived exosomes released by cancer cells are key mediators of intercellular communication and disease progression in various cancers. This study aimed to investigate the expression of key molecules endothelin-1 (ET-1) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), as well as the enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in serum-derived exosomes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from twenty-five patients with CLL and twenty-five controls. Exosomes were purified from serum and further characterized through dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of ET-1 and HMGB1 in isolated exosomes. Protein patterns of isolated exosomes were visualized by SDS-PAGE, and then MMP-9 enzymatic activity was assessed using gelatin zymography.
RESULTS: Isolated exosomes from serum exhibited the expected morphology and marker expression based on characterization data obtained from DLS, AFM, and flow cytometry assays. Real-time PCR results indicated a significant overexpression of ET-1 and HMGB1 in CLL-derived exosomes compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In gelatin zymography, the activity of the MMP-9 dimer was significantly higher in patient-derived exosomes than that of controls (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: These findings showed that serum-derived exosomes from CLL patients have higher expression of ET-1 and HMGB1 and higher MMP-9 enzymatic activity. These alterations suggest that exosomal ET-1, HMGB1, and MMP-9 may serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for disease monitoring and warrant further investigation regarding their biological and clinical significance in CLL.
METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from twenty-five patients with CLL and twenty-five controls. Exosomes were purified from serum and further characterized through dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of ET-1 and HMGB1 in isolated exosomes. Protein patterns of isolated exosomes were visualized by SDS-PAGE, and then MMP-9 enzymatic activity was assessed using gelatin zymography.
RESULTS: Isolated exosomes from serum exhibited the expected morphology and marker expression based on characterization data obtained from DLS, AFM, and flow cytometry assays. Real-time PCR results indicated a significant overexpression of ET-1 and HMGB1 in CLL-derived exosomes compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In gelatin zymography, the activity of the MMP-9 dimer was significantly higher in patient-derived exosomes than that of controls (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: These findings showed that serum-derived exosomes from CLL patients have higher expression of ET-1 and HMGB1 and higher MMP-9 enzymatic activity. These alterations suggest that exosomal ET-1, HMGB1, and MMP-9 may serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for disease monitoring and warrant further investigation regarding their biological and clinical significance in CLL.