[A Case of Moyamoya Disease Associated with SAPHO Syndrome].

Moyamoya disease is a unique occlusive disease of the internal carotid artery(ICA)with moyamoya vessels that can lead to transient ischemic attacks and hemorrhagic stroke. When other inherited or acquired disorders and conditions occur in conjunction with moyamoya disease, the syndrome is known as quasi-moyamoya disease. We report the case of a 34-year-old woman with a past history of SAPHO(Synovitis-Acne-Pustulosis-Hyperostosis-Osteomyelitis)syndrome, who presented with arm weakness and headache. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed severe terminal stenosis of the left ICA with moyamoya vessels, and she was diagnosed as moyamoya disease associated with SAPHO syndrome. She underwent superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis and her arm weakness improved postoperatively. Postoperative course was uneventful, although she showed transient right paresthesia, which improved with conservative therapy. Autoimmune response could contribute to the development of this moyamoya disease, and we discuss its mechanism with a literature review.