Lived Experiences of Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Treatment at Rwanda Diabetes Association: A Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) poses a significant health burden among children and adolescents, leading to lifelong dependence on insulin therapy, an increased risk of acute and chronic complications, frequent hospitalizations, reduced quality of life, and psychological and economic challenges. Managing T1DM during adolescence is particularly challenging due to hormonal changes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus receiving treatment at the Rwanda Diabetes Association.

METHODS

This study follows a qualitative approach with a generic descriptive design. Ten (10) adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus receiving treatment at the Rwanda diabetes association were included in this study using a convenience sampling method. The data were collected using an in-depth interview guide. The final data were imported to ATLAS-ti where thematic analysis was conducted.

RESULTS

Adolescents with T1DM experienced fear, denial, emotional distress, and social exclusion. Participants reported that family support and prayer played a vital role in facilitating their adaptation to T1DM. Recommended facilitators were strong maternal support, peer assistance, and guidance from the Rwanda Diabetes Association. Identified barriers were: lack of privacy at school, stigmatization, food insecurity, and emotional fatigue.

CONCLUSION

This study highlights the need to strengthen diabetes education in schools, psychosocial support, and improve access to glucometers for adolescents living with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.