Cornea · 2026
Fourier Analysis of Circular Pachymetry Profile: Associating Corneal Thickness Variation With Astigmatism Severity.
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Shahri Seyed Hossein Ghavami, Ziaee Arash, Saffari Rahim, Sedaghat Mohammadreza, Rafiee Mahdi, Sarfaraz Mohammad Hossein
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between corneal thickness and corneal astigmatism by assessing the circular pachymetry profile using Fourier analysis in normal corneas with varying degrees of regular with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 518 eyes from 259 participants with regular WTR corneal astigmatism (0-6 D). Eyes were stratified into 4 groups: <1 D (n = 176), 1 to 2 D (n = 182), 2 to 4 D (n = 108), and 4 to 6 D (n = 52). Corneal pachymetry was measured using Casia2 swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and analyzed via Fourier decomposition at six radii (0.5-3 mm). Harmonic amplitudes (H0-H4) represented mean thickness (H0), asymmetry (H1), toric (biaxial) variation (H2), and higher-order components (H ≥ 3).
RESULTS: The Fourier model fit the pachymetry data well (mean R2 = 0.93). Amplitudes of non-zero harmonics (H1-H4) increased with greater astigmatism severity (P < 0.01), more prominently at paracentral (3 mm) than central radii (P < 0.001), and most markedly for H1 (P < 0.001). For instance, H1 amplitude rose from 7.4 ± 2.4 to 9.7 ± 4.1 at 0.5 mm and from 26.2 ± 15.8 to 51.2 ± 27.3 at 3 mm in <1 D versus 4 to 6 D groups (both P < 0.001). Post-hoc tests confirmed significant differences mainly between 4 to 6 D and lower groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Corneal astigmatism showed a positive association with circular variation in corneal thickness, offering new insight into structural characteristics of astigmatic corneas.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 518 eyes from 259 participants with regular WTR corneal astigmatism (0-6 D). Eyes were stratified into 4 groups: <1 D (n = 176), 1 to 2 D (n = 182), 2 to 4 D (n = 108), and 4 to 6 D (n = 52). Corneal pachymetry was measured using Casia2 swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and analyzed via Fourier decomposition at six radii (0.5-3 mm). Harmonic amplitudes (H0-H4) represented mean thickness (H0), asymmetry (H1), toric (biaxial) variation (H2), and higher-order components (H ≥ 3).
RESULTS: The Fourier model fit the pachymetry data well (mean R2 = 0.93). Amplitudes of non-zero harmonics (H1-H4) increased with greater astigmatism severity (P < 0.01), more prominently at paracentral (3 mm) than central radii (P < 0.001), and most markedly for H1 (P < 0.001). For instance, H1 amplitude rose from 7.4 ± 2.4 to 9.7 ± 4.1 at 0.5 mm and from 26.2 ± 15.8 to 51.2 ± 27.3 at 3 mm in <1 D versus 4 to 6 D groups (both P < 0.001). Post-hoc tests confirmed significant differences mainly between 4 to 6 D and lower groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Corneal astigmatism showed a positive association with circular variation in corneal thickness, offering new insight into structural characteristics of astigmatic corneas.