Notes on the potential differentiation of borderline conditions.

It is argued that the borderline personality organization as now conceived embraces a spectrum of differentiable diagnostic groupings. Lumping these diagnostic clusters under a single descriptive heading contributes to continuing conceptual ambiguities and theoretical confusion in the understanding of borderline psychopathology. A potential differentiation of borderline entities on clinical grounds is suggested. The bases for discrimination of higher-order borderline conditions versus lower-order conditions are explored. Current accounts of borderline pathology tend to focus on lower-order pathology as characteristic, but do not account for the full range of the borderline spectrum. Other potential discriminations between an hysterical continuum and an obsessional-schizoid continuum are explored. Differential diagnoses suggested include pseudoschizophrenia, psychotic character, borderline personality, and primitive hysteric in the hysterical continuum; schizoid personality, false-self organization, and as-if personality in the schizoid continuum. The syndrome of identity diffusion is also suggested as part of the borderline spectrum.