Shanghai kou qiang yi xue = Shanghai journal of stomatology · 2007
[Clinical evaluation of implant anchorage for molar intrusion: report of the short-term results].
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Faragó B, Talián G C, Maász A, Magyari L, Horvatovich K, Kovács B, Cserép V, Kisfali P, Kiss C G, Czirják L, Melegh B
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Cumulative exposure to atherogenic lipoproteins is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome progression. However, the association between cumulative non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) exposure and CKM progression remains unclear.
METHODS: We included 5,283 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study with repeated lipid measurements in 2011 and 2015. Cumulative non-HDL-C exposure was calculated using the trapezoidal method. The primary outcome was incident clinical CVD (CKM stage 4) among participants with CKM stages 0-3 at baseline. Stage-stratified analyses were performed.
RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 948 participants developed clinical CVD. Higher cumulative non-HDL-C exposure was independently associated with increased CVD risk (adjusted HR per 100-unit increase, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.12). The association varied across CKM stages and was stronger in earlier stages (CKM stage 0: HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.37; CKM stage 1: HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.01-1.36), whereas weaker associations were observed in later stages (CKM stage 2: HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.96-1.12; CKM stage 3: HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.95-1.11). Findings were consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Similar associations were observed for heart disease and stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher cumulative non-HDL-C exposure was independently associated with incident CVD among individuals with CKM stages 0-3, particularly in earlier stages, highlighting the importance of early lipid management for cardiometabolic prevention.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-026-02090-4.
METHODS: We included 5,283 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study with repeated lipid measurements in 2011 and 2015. Cumulative non-HDL-C exposure was calculated using the trapezoidal method. The primary outcome was incident clinical CVD (CKM stage 4) among participants with CKM stages 0-3 at baseline. Stage-stratified analyses were performed.
RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 9.0 years, 948 participants developed clinical CVD. Higher cumulative non-HDL-C exposure was independently associated with increased CVD risk (adjusted HR per 100-unit increase, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.12). The association varied across CKM stages and was stronger in earlier stages (CKM stage 0: HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.37; CKM stage 1: HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.01-1.36), whereas weaker associations were observed in later stages (CKM stage 2: HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.96-1.12; CKM stage 3: HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.95-1.11). Findings were consistent across subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Similar associations were observed for heart disease and stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher cumulative non-HDL-C exposure was independently associated with incident CVD among individuals with CKM stages 0-3, particularly in earlier stages, highlighting the importance of early lipid management for cardiometabolic prevention.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-026-02090-4.