Qatar medical journal · 2026
Impact of age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes on the occurrence of celiac disease in children.
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Chellali Dalal Aicha, Benakriche Ben Mehel, Belbouab Reda, Noumi Mustapha
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and celiac disease (CD) represent two frequently recognized and interrelated autoimmune disorders. Despite the well-documented coexistence of T1DM and CD, the exact etiology behind this association remains unclear.
METHODS: A retrospective study analyzed handwritten medical files of 109 children and adolescents diagnosed with T1DM documented between the years 2004 and 2022 in the Pediatric Unit of Mustapha Bacha University Hospital, Algiers, Algeria. Data were collected, including age, sex, age at diagnosis of both T1DM and CD, the mean annual Glycated Hemoglobin ( HbA1c) levels, celiac serology, and histopathological results. Comparisons between the CD-negative and CD-positive groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS: The mean age was 9.99 ± 4.05 years, and the age at diagnosis of T1DM was 6.33 ± 3.45 years. HbA1c was 8.47 ± 1.42%, equivalent to 69.1 ± 15.5 mmol/mol. Celiac serology was positive in 21 patients (19.3%), including 11 patients with a confirmed CD (57.89%), with a mean age at CD diagnosis of 5.82 ± 2.82 years. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed a significant difference in the age at diagnosis of T1DM (P = 0.027). Logistic regression analysis showed that age at T1DM diagnosis was significantly associated with the risk of developing CD, with a 21.4% decrease in risk per additional year of age (odds ratio = 0.786 [95% CI, 0.627-0.986]; P = 0.038).
CONCLUSION: In this retrospective cohort, younger age at T1DM diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of CD, supporting intensified screening in children diagnosed at younger ages. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm these clinical implications.
METHODS: A retrospective study analyzed handwritten medical files of 109 children and adolescents diagnosed with T1DM documented between the years 2004 and 2022 in the Pediatric Unit of Mustapha Bacha University Hospital, Algiers, Algeria. Data were collected, including age, sex, age at diagnosis of both T1DM and CD, the mean annual Glycated Hemoglobin ( HbA1c) levels, celiac serology, and histopathological results. Comparisons between the CD-negative and CD-positive groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test.
RESULTS: The mean age was 9.99 ± 4.05 years, and the age at diagnosis of T1DM was 6.33 ± 3.45 years. HbA1c was 8.47 ± 1.42%, equivalent to 69.1 ± 15.5 mmol/mol. Celiac serology was positive in 21 patients (19.3%), including 11 patients with a confirmed CD (57.89%), with a mean age at CD diagnosis of 5.82 ± 2.82 years. The Mann-Whitney U test revealed a significant difference in the age at diagnosis of T1DM (P = 0.027). Logistic regression analysis showed that age at T1DM diagnosis was significantly associated with the risk of developing CD, with a 21.4% decrease in risk per additional year of age (odds ratio = 0.786 [95% CI, 0.627-0.986]; P = 0.038).
CONCLUSION: In this retrospective cohort, younger age at T1DM diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of CD, supporting intensified screening in children diagnosed at younger ages. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm these clinical implications.