Current pharmaceutical design · 2023
Inhibition of Neuromyelitis Optica Immunoglobulin G Binding to Aquaporin-4 by the Small Molecule Blocker Melanthioidine.
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Xu Huijing, Gong Yushuang, Jiao Yang, Guo Jian, Zhao Ling, Yang Juechen, Tong Haibin, Sun Meiyan, Li Miao
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe neurological demyelinating autoimmune disease affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord. The binding of neuromyelitis optica immunoglobulin G (NMO- IgG) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4) on the surface of astrocytes in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid is the main pathogenesis of NMO. Currently, therapeutic strategies for NMO include a reduction of the secondary inflammation response and the number of NMO-IgG, which can only alleviate clinical symptoms rather than fundamentally preventing a series of pathological processes caused by NMO-IgG binding to AQP4.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the blocking effect of melanthioidine on the binding of NMO-IgG to AQP4 and its potential cytotoxicity.
METHODS: The current study developed a cell-based high-throughput screening approach to identify a molecular blocker of NMO-IgG binding to AQP4 using the Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79) cells expressing M23- AQP4. By screening ~400 small molecules, we identified melanthioidine with blocking effects without affecting AQP4 expression or its water permeability.
RESULTS: Melanthioidine effectively blocked the binding of NMO-IgG to AQP4 in immunofluorescence assays and reduced complement-dependent cytotoxicity against both NMO-IgG/complement-treated Fischer rat thyroid- AQP4 cells and primary astrocytes. The docking computations identified the putative sites of blocker binding at the extracellular surface of AQP4.
CONCLUSION: This study serves as proof of a potential NMO therapy by using a small-molecule blocker to target NMO pathogenesis.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the blocking effect of melanthioidine on the binding of NMO-IgG to AQP4 and its potential cytotoxicity.
METHODS: The current study developed a cell-based high-throughput screening approach to identify a molecular blocker of NMO-IgG binding to AQP4 using the Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79) cells expressing M23- AQP4. By screening ~400 small molecules, we identified melanthioidine with blocking effects without affecting AQP4 expression or its water permeability.
RESULTS: Melanthioidine effectively blocked the binding of NMO-IgG to AQP4 in immunofluorescence assays and reduced complement-dependent cytotoxicity against both NMO-IgG/complement-treated Fischer rat thyroid- AQP4 cells and primary astrocytes. The docking computations identified the putative sites of blocker binding at the extracellular surface of AQP4.
CONCLUSION: This study serves as proof of a potential NMO therapy by using a small-molecule blocker to target NMO pathogenesis.