Vaccine · 2026
Absenteeism related to respiratory infections among healthcare personnel in hospitals in Greece from 2020-2021 to 2024-2025.
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Maltezou Helena C, Giannouchos Theodoros V, Gamaletsou Maria N, Koukou Dimitra-Maria, Lemonakis Nikolaos, Sourri Flora, Peskelidou Emmanuela, Botsa Evanthia, Lourida Athanasia, Hatzigeorgiou Dimitrios, Panagopoulos Periklis, Sipsas Nikolaos V
Аннотация
AIM: To study absenteeism among healthcare personnel (HCP) in Greek hospitals from 2020-2021 to 2024-2025.
METHODS: Data were collected prospectively. Multivariable regressions were applied to estimate associations between variables, duration and cause of absenteeism.
RESULTS: We studied 5525 absenteeism episodes with 38,482 days missed (17.8 episodes per 100 HCP; mean duration of absence per episode: 7.0 days). Compared to other seasons, the 2021-2022 season had the highest number of absenteeism episodes per 100 HCP (28.7) and the longest mean weekly duration of absence per 100 HCP (10.6 days per week) (p-value <0.001 for both). Causes of absenteeism were coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (61.8%), asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (10.4%), exposure to COVID-19 (8.3%), and influenza (5.2%). The incidence of COVID-19-related absenteeism declined overtime, while influenza-related absenteeism increased gradually. Compared to unvaccinated HCP, fully and partially COVID-19 vaccinated HCP had 2.58 and 2.08 fewer days of absence, and lower odds of COVID-19-associated absenteeism [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.36; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.26-0.51 and aOR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.33-0.67, respectively]. The full COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against absenteeism was 67.9% (95% CI: 64.0%-71.3%) and against COVID-19-related absenteeism was 55.8% (95% CI: 48.9%-61.8%). Influenza VE against influenza-related absenteeism was 44.8% (95% CI: 22.8%-60.6%).
CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 was the main driver of absenteeism among HCP, however a gradual shift to influenza-related absenteeism occurred overtime. COVID-19 vaccination conferred protection against any absenteeism and against COVID-19-related absenteeism. Influenza vaccination significantly protected against influenza-related absenteeism. HCP should remain up-to-date with COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations to confer protection which can further safeguard healthcare facilities from absenteeism.
METHODS: Data were collected prospectively. Multivariable regressions were applied to estimate associations between variables, duration and cause of absenteeism.
RESULTS: We studied 5525 absenteeism episodes with 38,482 days missed (17.8 episodes per 100 HCP; mean duration of absence per episode: 7.0 days). Compared to other seasons, the 2021-2022 season had the highest number of absenteeism episodes per 100 HCP (28.7) and the longest mean weekly duration of absence per 100 HCP (10.6 days per week) (p-value <0.001 for both). Causes of absenteeism were coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (61.8%), asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (10.4%), exposure to COVID-19 (8.3%), and influenza (5.2%). The incidence of COVID-19-related absenteeism declined overtime, while influenza-related absenteeism increased gradually. Compared to unvaccinated HCP, fully and partially COVID-19 vaccinated HCP had 2.58 and 2.08 fewer days of absence, and lower odds of COVID-19-associated absenteeism [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.36; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.26-0.51 and aOR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.33-0.67, respectively]. The full COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against absenteeism was 67.9% (95% CI: 64.0%-71.3%) and against COVID-19-related absenteeism was 55.8% (95% CI: 48.9%-61.8%). Influenza VE against influenza-related absenteeism was 44.8% (95% CI: 22.8%-60.6%).
CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 was the main driver of absenteeism among HCP, however a gradual shift to influenza-related absenteeism occurred overtime. COVID-19 vaccination conferred protection against any absenteeism and against COVID-19-related absenteeism. Influenza vaccination significantly protected against influenza-related absenteeism. HCP should remain up-to-date with COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations to confer protection which can further safeguard healthcare facilities from absenteeism.