Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia · 2026
The effect of pre- and perioperative anxiety on cardiovascular parameters and intraocular pressure of patients awaiting phacoemulsification surgery.
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Dimitrova G, Gjorgjiovska A, Ljubic A, Jordanovska S M
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pre- and perioperative anxiety in patients scheduled for cataract surgery and to assess its correlation with cardiovascular parameters and intraocular pressure (IOP).
PATIENTS OR MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty cataract surgery patients were included. Exclusion criteria included previous ocular surgery, glaucoma, and ocular inflammation. Anxiety levels were assessed using a visual facial anxiety scale (VFAS). Systemic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and IOP were measured using a sphygmomanometer and an air-puff tonometer, with mean values calculated from three readings. VFAS, BP, HR, and IOP were recorded during the pre- and perioperative periods. A t-test compared parameters, and Pearson's coefficient was used to analyze correlations.
RESULTS: Patients reported mild to moderate anxiety during both the pre- and perioperative periods. Cardiovascular parameters and IOP showed no significant differences between the two periods. IOP correlated significantly with HR perioperatively (R = 0.62, P < 0.001) and with systolic BP preoperatively (R = 0.47, P = 0.009). Preoperatively, patients with moderate to high anxiety had higher IOP (17.06 ± 1.69 mmHg) than those with no to mild/moderate anxiety (14.74 ± 2.41 mmHg; P = 0.006).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher anxiety levels increase IOP preoperatively. Assessing BP, HR, and IOP, as well as alleviating anxiety may improve surgical outcomes and ensure stress-free procedures.
PATIENTS OR MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty cataract surgery patients were included. Exclusion criteria included previous ocular surgery, glaucoma, and ocular inflammation. Anxiety levels were assessed using a visual facial anxiety scale (VFAS). Systemic blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and IOP were measured using a sphygmomanometer and an air-puff tonometer, with mean values calculated from three readings. VFAS, BP, HR, and IOP were recorded during the pre- and perioperative periods. A t-test compared parameters, and Pearson's coefficient was used to analyze correlations.
RESULTS: Patients reported mild to moderate anxiety during both the pre- and perioperative periods. Cardiovascular parameters and IOP showed no significant differences between the two periods. IOP correlated significantly with HR perioperatively (R = 0.62, P < 0.001) and with systolic BP preoperatively (R = 0.47, P = 0.009). Preoperatively, patients with moderate to high anxiety had higher IOP (17.06 ± 1.69 mmHg) than those with no to mild/moderate anxiety (14.74 ± 2.41 mmHg; P = 0.006).
CONCLUSIONS: Higher anxiety levels increase IOP preoperatively. Assessing BP, HR, and IOP, as well as alleviating anxiety may improve surgical outcomes and ensure stress-free procedures.