Trigeminal involvement in dermatomyositis with double positivity for anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma and anti-Ku antibodies: A case report and literature review.

Anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma antibody and anti-Ku antibody double-positive dermatomyositis and trigeminal neuropathy involvement are often regarded as clinically distinct diseases with differing pathogenesis. Herein, we present a rare case of dermatomyositis with dual positivity for anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma and anti-Ku antibodies, accompanied by trigeminal neuropathy. Both conditions showed significant improvement following standard dermatomyositis treatment. A review of the literature revealed that cases of anti-transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma-positive dermatomyositis complicated by trigeminal involvement are very rare, and their pathogenesis and association remain unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of dermatomyositis with dual positivity for anti-TIF1-γ and anti-Ku antibodies, accompanied by trigeminal neuropathy. This case highlights the need for clinicians to pay closer attention to this rare coexistence.