[Diagnostic and predictive molecular pathology of urothelial carcinoma : Current status and outlook for the future].

BACKGROUND

Urothelial carcinoma is characterized by pronounced molecular and histological heterogeneity, which significantly influences both its tumorigenesis and therapeutic response. Targeted molecular alterations can be useful tools in everyday pathology for distinguishing between important differential diagnoses and for confirming diagnoses.

AIMS: This article aims to provide a brief overview of the diagnostic and predictive molecular changes in urothelial carcinoma and to relate these to therapeutic implications.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

This article was written as a narrative overview article.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The integration of molecular alterations with histological subtypes and morphological changes enables improved diagnostic accuracy and supports the targeted selection of predictive testing, particularly with regard to FGFR-, HER2-, and PD-(L)1-targeted therapies as well as antibody-drug conjugates.