[Innovation in the treatment paradigm for advanced-stage colorectal cancer: new strategies and future directions].

The treatment model for colorectal cancer has undergone a significant evolution, progressing from single surgical resection to multidisciplinary team (MDT)-based comprehensive therapy. As a revolutionary strategy in the field of advanced colorectal cancer treatment, conversion therapy aims to transform initially technically or oncologically unresectable advanced tumors into a state of no evidence of disease (NED) through efficient and precise systemic treatments, followed by local interventions such as surgery. This approach offers patients potential curative opportunities and significantly improves long-term survival. This article systematically explores the strategies and future directions of conversion therapy in colorectal cancer, focusing on three major clinical challenges: colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), and colorectal peritoneal metastases (CRPM).