BMC psychiatry · 2026
The effects of exercise on obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
СтатьяСистематический обзорМетаанализНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Deng Juhui, Ma Yuan, Zhou Li, Zhang Shaoqin, Ao Zhentao
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Exercise, as a non-pharmacological intervention, alleviates symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Nevertheless, the comparative efficacy of these conditions remains uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of exercise on OCD and BD.
METHODS: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched from inception to 31 July 2025 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and single-group pre-post studies on exercise for OCD/BD. Retrieved studies were evaluated via predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the MINORS scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analyses were conducted with Stata 17.0 and Review Manager 5.4.1. Subgroup analyses explored exercise parameters; sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessments were not performed for OCD outcomes due to the limited number of included studies, but were conducted for BD outcomes to evaluate robustness.
RESULTS: Seven studies (n = 202 participants) were included. Meta-analysis of two OCD single-group pre-post studies revealed a significant reduction in OCD symptoms following exercise intervention (Mean Difference [MD] = 14.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] [12.12, 17.36], p < 0.001), but two randomized controlled trials showed no significant effect. Subgroup analysis based on combined data indicated efficacy with a weekly exercise frequency. The investigation revealed no statistically significant difference between the aerobic exercise and yoga/tai chi interventions (p = 0.19). Meta-analysis of three BD studies revealed no significant effect of exercise on depressive symptoms (Standardised Mean Difference [SMD] = 0.08, 95%CI [-0.4,0.55], p = 0.75). A potential, non-significant effect was observed for manic symptoms (SMD = -0.62, 95%CI [-1.30, 0.05], p = 0.07). Subgroup analyses, categorised according to exercise type, frequency, or duration, revealed no significant effects.
CONCLUSION: Exercise may benefit OCD symptoms; however, randomized controlled trials showed no significant effect, and single-group findings should be interpreted as supportive evidence. For bipolar disorder, no significant effect was found for depressive symptoms, while a potential effect on manic symptoms cannot be excluded. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed. These findings provide preliminary evidence for exercise-based adjunctive interventions.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW TRAIL REGISTRATION: This study has been registered on PROSPERO(CRD420251114629).
METHODS: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched from inception to 31 July 2025 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and single-group pre-post studies on exercise for OCD/BD. Retrieved studies were evaluated via predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the MINORS scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analyses were conducted with Stata 17.0 and Review Manager 5.4.1. Subgroup analyses explored exercise parameters; sensitivity analyses and publication bias assessments were not performed for OCD outcomes due to the limited number of included studies, but were conducted for BD outcomes to evaluate robustness.
RESULTS: Seven studies (n = 202 participants) were included. Meta-analysis of two OCD single-group pre-post studies revealed a significant reduction in OCD symptoms following exercise intervention (Mean Difference [MD] = 14.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] [12.12, 17.36], p < 0.001), but two randomized controlled trials showed no significant effect. Subgroup analysis based on combined data indicated efficacy with a weekly exercise frequency. The investigation revealed no statistically significant difference between the aerobic exercise and yoga/tai chi interventions (p = 0.19). Meta-analysis of three BD studies revealed no significant effect of exercise on depressive symptoms (Standardised Mean Difference [SMD] = 0.08, 95%CI [-0.4,0.55], p = 0.75). A potential, non-significant effect was observed for manic symptoms (SMD = -0.62, 95%CI [-1.30, 0.05], p = 0.07). Subgroup analyses, categorised according to exercise type, frequency, or duration, revealed no significant effects.
CONCLUSION: Exercise may benefit OCD symptoms; however, randomized controlled trials showed no significant effect, and single-group findings should be interpreted as supportive evidence. For bipolar disorder, no significant effect was found for depressive symptoms, while a potential effect on manic symptoms cannot be excluded. Larger randomized controlled trials are needed. These findings provide preliminary evidence for exercise-based adjunctive interventions.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW TRAIL REGISTRATION: This study has been registered on PROSPERO(CRD420251114629).