Open heart · 2026
Evaluation of risk factors, clinical profile, angiographic characteristics and reperfusion therapy among young patients (≤ 45 years) with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction in comparison to older patients at a tertiary care centre in South India.
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Das Moumita, Ramamoorthy Lakshmi, Ahamed A Shaheer, Ht Lalthanthuami, Baby Priya, Jacob Jaison, Pan Shreyasi, Singha Praveena, Cv Krishnapriya, Ravi Ramya Kundayi
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and poses an increasing public health challenge in India. The rising incidence of myocardial infarction, especially among younger individuals, is concerning.
AIM: To compare cardiovascular risk factors, clinical presentation, angiographic patterns and reperfusion characteristics between younger and older adults presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 260 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South India with a first episode of STEMI. Participants were selected using convenience sampling and included 65 younger adults (≤45 years) and 195 older adults (>45 years) in a 1:3 ratio. Data were obtained through structured interviews and review of the medical records. Continuous variables were analysed using the Independent Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, while categorical variables were assessed using the χ2 or Fisher's exact test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with results reported as ORs and adjusted ORs with 95% CIs.
RESULTS: The mean age was 40.14±15.79 years in the younger group and 60.84±8.25 years in the older group. Younger patients had a significantly higher male predominance, greater alcohol consumption, positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease, shorter sleep duration and higher anxiety scores. In contrast, older adults have a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Multiple logistic regression revealed an increase in average sleep duration was associated with a 0.57-unit increase in the log-odds of being aged >45 years. On the contrary, the anxiety score was inversely associated with older adults (β=-0.10; AOR=0.90; 95% CI 0.82 to 0.99).
CONCLUSION: Younger patients with acute STEMI exhibited an increased burden of modifiable lifestyle and psychosocial risk factors, emphasising the need for age-specific preventive interventions.
AIM: To compare cardiovascular risk factors, clinical presentation, angiographic patterns and reperfusion characteristics between younger and older adults presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 260 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South India with a first episode of STEMI. Participants were selected using convenience sampling and included 65 younger adults (≤45 years) and 195 older adults (>45 years) in a 1:3 ratio. Data were obtained through structured interviews and review of the medical records. Continuous variables were analysed using the Independent Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, while categorical variables were assessed using the χ2 or Fisher's exact test. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with results reported as ORs and adjusted ORs with 95% CIs.
RESULTS: The mean age was 40.14±15.79 years in the younger group and 60.84±8.25 years in the older group. Younger patients had a significantly higher male predominance, greater alcohol consumption, positive family history of premature cardiovascular disease, shorter sleep duration and higher anxiety scores. In contrast, older adults have a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Multiple logistic regression revealed an increase in average sleep duration was associated with a 0.57-unit increase in the log-odds of being aged >45 years. On the contrary, the anxiety score was inversely associated with older adults (β=-0.10; AOR=0.90; 95% CI 0.82 to 0.99).
CONCLUSION: Younger patients with acute STEMI exhibited an increased burden of modifiable lifestyle and psychosocial risk factors, emphasising the need for age-specific preventive interventions.