Journal francais d'ophtalmologie · 2026
[Prevalence and risk factors of ocular surface disease in Algerian patients with glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension].
СтатьяМногоцентровое исследованиеАннотация на английскомНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Lazreg S, Derdour A, Acheli A, Boudedja H, Garout R, Aberkane J, Cherfi F, Boulaneb-Beddiar F, Mouhoubi A, Zine El Abidine N, Amrit S, Nebab R
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: The long-term use of pressure-lowering topical medications to treat glaucoma is frequently associated with deleterious effects on the ocular surface. Ocular surface disease (OSD) often remains overlooked and untreated in patients with glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension. This study aims to determine the prevalence of OSD in Algeria and to identify risk factors.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in 9 public and private clinical centers and included 544 patients followed for glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension. Individual historical and demographic data, as well as characteristics and management of the patients' glaucoma were collected between October 2023 and February 2024. OSD was evaluated using standard clinical tests.
RESULTS: Objective signs of OSD were found in 387 patients (71.3%), and the most frequent form of OSD was dry eye disease (56.6% of all OSDs). Compared to patients without OSD, patients with OSD were older (P=0.001) and had been diagnosed with glaucoma for a longer period of time (P=0.023). Patients with severe glaucoma, previous glaucoma surgery, auto-immune disease, or diabetes were more likely to have OSD (P<0.05). OSD was also more frequent in patients receiving 3 medications or more (80.6%) compared to patients receiving two (73.9%), or one medication (60.6%, P<0.0001). A total of 75.2% of patients using preserved eye drops had OSD versus 41.3% of patients using preservative-free eye drops (P<0.001). The exposure to preserved eye drops (number of drops per day and number of topical medications) was higher in patients with OSD (P<0.05). Among patients who had interrupted their treatment due to local intolerance (n=87), a large majority (89.7%) had OSD.
CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the high prevalence of OSD in Algerian patients with glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension. Several risk factors, such as exposure to preserved eye drops, were associated with a higher prevalence of OSD. Management of glaucoma patients should include regular, systematic examination of the ocular surface and can be optimized by switching to preservative-free eye drops if possible or by reducing the number and concentration of medications.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in 9 public and private clinical centers and included 544 patients followed for glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension. Individual historical and demographic data, as well as characteristics and management of the patients' glaucoma were collected between October 2023 and February 2024. OSD was evaluated using standard clinical tests.
RESULTS: Objective signs of OSD were found in 387 patients (71.3%), and the most frequent form of OSD was dry eye disease (56.6% of all OSDs). Compared to patients without OSD, patients with OSD were older (P=0.001) and had been diagnosed with glaucoma for a longer period of time (P=0.023). Patients with severe glaucoma, previous glaucoma surgery, auto-immune disease, or diabetes were more likely to have OSD (P<0.05). OSD was also more frequent in patients receiving 3 medications or more (80.6%) compared to patients receiving two (73.9%), or one medication (60.6%, P<0.0001). A total of 75.2% of patients using preserved eye drops had OSD versus 41.3% of patients using preservative-free eye drops (P<0.001). The exposure to preserved eye drops (number of drops per day and number of topical medications) was higher in patients with OSD (P<0.05). Among patients who had interrupted their treatment due to local intolerance (n=87), a large majority (89.7%) had OSD.
CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the high prevalence of OSD in Algerian patients with glaucoma and/or ocular hypertension. Several risk factors, such as exposure to preserved eye drops, were associated with a higher prevalence of OSD. Management of glaucoma patients should include regular, systematic examination of the ocular surface and can be optimized by switching to preservative-free eye drops if possible or by reducing the number and concentration of medications.