Application of 3D Printing Technology in Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia via Retrosigmoid Craniotomy.

Retrosigmoid craniotomy is the preferred surgical approach for treating cerebellopontine angle (CPA) lesions, particularly for microvascular decompression in primary trigeminal neuralgia. However, inaccurate localization of the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (TSSJ) often leads to postoperative complications. To address this issue, the E-3D digital medical modeling and design system was employed for preoperative visualization and localization of the TSSJ, enabling precise surgical planning. The E-3D software identified the optimal position for the strategic burr hole, visualized its spatial relationship with the sigmoid and transverse sinuses, and facilitated the creation of a 3D-printed surgical guide plate to assist intraoperative navigation. This protocol minimizes injury to the sigmoid and transverse sinuses, reduces the risk of excessive skull defects, and helps prevent postoperative complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and infection. Overall, the integration of 3D printing technology and surgical guide plates enhances the safety and precision of retrosigmoid craniotomy.