Cureus · 2025
Association of Gene Polymorphism of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 With Chronic Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Survey in a South Indian Population.
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Mohamed Shahana C, Beevi N Raseena, Banerjee Moinak, Sathyan Sanish, Nayar Bindu R, Janam Presanthila
Аннотация
AIMS: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have an important role in the remodeling and destruction of periodontal tissues. Genetic polymorphisms of MMPs have been investigated as probable candidate gene markers, potentially associated with the susceptibility, severity, and clinical outcome of periodontal disease. This cross-sectional study was designed to determine whether there is any association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the MMP9 rs3918242 gene (promoter) with chronic generalized periodontitis as measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) direct sequencing, and to determine whether there is any association between the SNP of the MMP9 rs17576 gene with chronic generalized periodontitis as measured by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
METHODS: A total of 170 subjects participated in the study, which included 80 subjects with chronic generalized periodontitis and 90 controls, who belonged to the South Indian (Kerala) ethnicity. The samples were genotyped by using PCR followed by sequencing/RFLP. The genotype and allele frequency of the MMP9 gene were determined in both the cases and controls. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: In our study population, there was no statistically significant difference in the genotype frequencies of the MMP9 rs3918242 gene (p = 0.651) and no statistically significant difference in the allele frequencies (p = 0.808; odds ratio = 0.938, 95% CI: 0.562-1.567) between cases and controls. However, there was a statistically significant difference between genotype (p = 0.033) frequencies of MMP9 rs17576 in cases and controls.
CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of sample size and selection, results of the present study suggest a possible lack of association between the MMP9 promoter gene polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic generalized periodontitis in the population studied. However, there might be an association between the genotype of the MMP9 rs17576 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic generalized periodontitis. Therefore, further research in this locus with larger samples with age- and gender-matched controls could provide important insights into the pathogenesis of periodontitis, identifying individuals at high risk.
METHODS: A total of 170 subjects participated in the study, which included 80 subjects with chronic generalized periodontitis and 90 controls, who belonged to the South Indian (Kerala) ethnicity. The samples were genotyped by using PCR followed by sequencing/RFLP. The genotype and allele frequency of the MMP9 gene were determined in both the cases and controls. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: In our study population, there was no statistically significant difference in the genotype frequencies of the MMP9 rs3918242 gene (p = 0.651) and no statistically significant difference in the allele frequencies (p = 0.808; odds ratio = 0.938, 95% CI: 0.562-1.567) between cases and controls. However, there was a statistically significant difference between genotype (p = 0.033) frequencies of MMP9 rs17576 in cases and controls.
CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of sample size and selection, results of the present study suggest a possible lack of association between the MMP9 promoter gene polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic generalized periodontitis in the population studied. However, there might be an association between the genotype of the MMP9 rs17576 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic generalized periodontitis. Therefore, further research in this locus with larger samples with age- and gender-matched controls could provide important insights into the pathogenesis of periodontitis, identifying individuals at high risk.