Global Comparative Review of Guidelines for Cervical Adenocarcinoma In Situ.

BACKGROUND

The approach to adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) is challenged by diagnostic complexity, limited high-quality evidence, and heterogeneous guidance.

METHODS

We conducted a narrative comparative review of global guidelines/recommendations (2012-2025; search updated 1 October 2025), extracting data across 38 topics related to AIS management and classifying indications into five categories of coverage/consensus.

RESULTS

Twenty documents from national or supranational bodies were included. A cross-guideline consensus emerged on eight core items (colposcopy for any glandular cytologic abnormality; role of HPV test; mandatory histologic confirmation; excisional treatment for histologic AIS; re-excision when margins are involved; criteria and type of hysterectomy; and expert/centralized management). Operational variability emerged in the excisional technique, pathways for discordant results, management during pregnancy, and follow-up protocols. Divergent guidance was most evident for indications to endocervical sampling, criteria for conservative management, and the need for hysterectomy after completed childbearing. Limited-coverage consensus involved the technique of initial histologic sampling, endometrial assessment, and pathways for cytology subtypes. Several areas remained unaddressed.

CONCLUSIONS

While the essential management of AIS is well defined, uncertainty increases when treatment must be personalized. A core outcome set and rigorous multicenter studies are needed to reduce heterogeneity and enable truly evidence-based personalization.