Advances in the application of insulin resistance-related indicators in the clinical evaluation of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, and its core pathophysiological mechanism is closely related to insulin resistance. This literature review aims to systematically summarize the application progress of insulin resistance-related indicators in the clinical assessment of MASLD, points out the limitations of existing indicators in clinical application, and looks forward to future research directions, including the development of more accurate and non-invasive biomarkers, exploration of multi-omics integration models, and promotion of individualized diagnosis and treatment strategies, with the expectation of optimizing the clinical management of MASLD and improving patient prognosis.