Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
Analysis of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of intensive care unit staff regarding Candida auris: a mixed-methods study in a private general hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Huy Lê Phan Khánh, Govender Saien, Tiến Lê Minh, Moosa Mahomed Yunus Suleman, Taylor-Robinson Andrew W
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Candida auris, recently renamed Candidozyma auris, is an invasive fungal pathogen that is on the priority list on the World Health Organization (WHO) for future research. Infection poses major diagnostic and treatment challenges due to its phenotypic similarity to other Candida spp. and multiple antifungal resistance. Despite its emergence in Vietnam, the level of understanding among healthcare professionals is unknown. This study explores the knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward C. auris of registered physicians and nurses in a Vietnamese hospital intensive care unit (ICU).
METHODS: A mixed-methods study was conducted in an international standards-accredited Hanoi private general hospital. It comprised a self-administered cross-sectional survey containing 46 questions distributed to the ICU staff, followed by an in-depth semi-structured interview of selected participants. The survey covered demographic, knowledge, attitudes, and practices domains and utilized Likert-type and ranking scales. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied to quantitative data and thematic analysis to qualitative insights.
RESULTS: A total of 32 ICU staff completed the survey, but only 11 (34.38%) scored above 50%. Knowledge was associated weakly with age and work experience but not gender or profession. Most participants recognized C. auris as an important ICU pathogen and expressed a positive attitude to institutional preparedness but revealed confusion about the site of infection, means of diagnosis, most effective agents for treatment, and best PPE practices to prevent infections. Of the 12 participants selected for in-depth interview, only two were familiar with the WHO guidelines on C. auris. The concerns centered on access to treatment, especially for immunocompromised patients. The opinions on outbreak likelihood varied, with some staff citing poor infection control in public hospitals as a risk, while others considered an outbreak unlikely due to low prevalence and the restricted mode of transmission. For multiple reasons, the private sector was perceived as better prepared than the public sector.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals a knowledge gap regarding C. auris among ICU physicians and nurses in Hanoi caring for high-risk patient populations. The findings underscore a need for targeted continuing medical education, enhanced antifungal stewardship strategies, and revised infection control protocols to combat this clinically important emerging pathogen in Vietnamese hospitals.
METHODS: A mixed-methods study was conducted in an international standards-accredited Hanoi private general hospital. It comprised a self-administered cross-sectional survey containing 46 questions distributed to the ICU staff, followed by an in-depth semi-structured interview of selected participants. The survey covered demographic, knowledge, attitudes, and practices domains and utilized Likert-type and ranking scales. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied to quantitative data and thematic analysis to qualitative insights.
RESULTS: A total of 32 ICU staff completed the survey, but only 11 (34.38%) scored above 50%. Knowledge was associated weakly with age and work experience but not gender or profession. Most participants recognized C. auris as an important ICU pathogen and expressed a positive attitude to institutional preparedness but revealed confusion about the site of infection, means of diagnosis, most effective agents for treatment, and best PPE practices to prevent infections. Of the 12 participants selected for in-depth interview, only two were familiar with the WHO guidelines on C. auris. The concerns centered on access to treatment, especially for immunocompromised patients. The opinions on outbreak likelihood varied, with some staff citing poor infection control in public hospitals as a risk, while others considered an outbreak unlikely due to low prevalence and the restricted mode of transmission. For multiple reasons, the private sector was perceived as better prepared than the public sector.
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals a knowledge gap regarding C. auris among ICU physicians and nurses in Hanoi caring for high-risk patient populations. The findings underscore a need for targeted continuing medical education, enhanced antifungal stewardship strategies, and revised infection control protocols to combat this clinically important emerging pathogen in Vietnamese hospitals.