Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology · 2026
Ultrasound assessment of temporomandibular joint capsule-condyle distances across Angle's occlusal classifications.
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Guan Guangzhao, Tjhang Vicky, Loo Vivianne Win Yenn, Chang Yong Xin, Han Xianglong, Mei Li
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the morphological characteristics of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule-condyle distance using ultrasound imaging in individuals with different Angle's occlusal classifications.
METHODS: Ultrasound imaging was performed in both transverse and longitudinal planes, capturing measurements with the mouth closed and open. Six specific joint space distances were recorded: LLC, LLO, LTC, LTO, ATC, and ATO.
RESULTS: All six joint space measurements showed significant deviation from a normal distribution. Median values ranged from 0.9 mm to 1.1 mm, with interquartile ranges between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm (P < .05). Venn diagram analysis demonstrated strong co-occurrence of altered joint spaces in both mouth positions. Pearson correlations revealed significant positive relationships between measurements, notably between ATC and LTC (r = 0.62) and between LLO and LTO (r = 0.52). Moderate correlations were also seen between open- and closed-mouth measurements. Occlusal classification and laterality had no significant effects on joint space (η² ≈ 2.92-2.95, P > .05).
CONCLUSION: Ultrasound assessments showed that TMJ capsule-condyle distances were not significantly affected by Angle's classification. This may reflect the limitation of ultrasound in detecting subtle morphological variations, suggesting a need for higher-resolution imaging in future studies.
METHODS: Ultrasound imaging was performed in both transverse and longitudinal planes, capturing measurements with the mouth closed and open. Six specific joint space distances were recorded: LLC, LLO, LTC, LTO, ATC, and ATO.
RESULTS: All six joint space measurements showed significant deviation from a normal distribution. Median values ranged from 0.9 mm to 1.1 mm, with interquartile ranges between 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm (P < .05). Venn diagram analysis demonstrated strong co-occurrence of altered joint spaces in both mouth positions. Pearson correlations revealed significant positive relationships between measurements, notably between ATC and LTC (r = 0.62) and between LLO and LTO (r = 0.52). Moderate correlations were also seen between open- and closed-mouth measurements. Occlusal classification and laterality had no significant effects on joint space (η² ≈ 2.92-2.95, P > .05).
CONCLUSION: Ultrasound assessments showed that TMJ capsule-condyle distances were not significantly affected by Angle's classification. This may reflect the limitation of ultrasound in detecting subtle morphological variations, suggesting a need for higher-resolution imaging in future studies.