Starting clozapine in the community: a UK perspective.

Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic available for the treatment of schizophrenia that has proved resistant to other medications and the only antipsychotic licensed for this indication. Although the drug is increasingly being used more widely in patients with schizophrenia and with other psychiatric and neurological disorders, it is still underused. The main reasons for this are that it can cause adverse effects such as weight gain and sedation, and the need for regular blood test monitoring because of the risk of agranulocytosis. While these hurdles are unavoidable, another problem in the UK has been the historical practice of admitting patients to hospital to initiate treatment with clozapine. However, protocols have now been developed for both home and day-hospital initiation. The experience of one assertive community treatment team of starting clozapine in patients' own homes has been positive, with no major adverse events reported. This approach is, however, extremely demanding of staff resources and for many services the use of day-hospitals to initiate treatment with clozapine is more appropriate. Research into staff and patients' views about community initiation of clozapine, and its economic costs, would be welcome.