Appendix viriliformis: an intra-abdominal testis and an appendicoileal fistula.

When a patient is taken to theatre for a laparotomy, surprises can still be found despite modern investigative techniques. We present the case of two rare abdominal pathologies (an appendicoileal fistula and an intra-abdominal testis adherent to the vermiform appendix) being found simultaneously and review the literature on these topics.