Journal of dentistry · 2026
Remineralization patterns in artificial dentin caries lesions treated with fluoride- and tricalcium phosphate-based varnishes or silver diamine fluoride: an in vitro micro-CT study.
СтатьяСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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de Almeida Bianca Carvalho, de Souza Claudia Simões, Guisso Luigi Pedrini, Hosida Thayse Yumi, Pessan Juliano Pelim, Cannon Mark L, Delbem Alberto Carlos Botazzo
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish, tricalcium phosphate (TCP) varnish, NaF/TCP varnish, and 30% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on artificial dentin caries lesions through the assessment of lesion depth, mineral redistribution, and superficial mineralization.
METHODS: Artificial dentin caries lesions were created in bovine root dentin blocks and randomly assigned to five groups (n = 12): Control, 5% NaF varnish, TCP varnish, NaF/TCP varnish, and 30% SDF. After treatment, specimens underwent 7 days of pH cycling. Mineral concentration profiles obtained by micro-CT were used to determine integrated mineral concentration (ΔIMC), lesion depth, mean lesion mineral concentration (Rvol%), and maximum mineral concentration in the surface zone (SZmax). Data were analyzed by two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: All treatments promoted remineralization or reduced lesion progression compared with the Control group (p < 0.001). The 5% NaF varnish showed the highest ΔIMC and Rvol% values and the lowest lesion depth (p < 0.05). TCP varnish reduced lesion depth but produced limited mineral recovery. NaF/TCP varnish exhibited high SZmax values, indicating greater superficial mineral accumulation without proportional increases in ΔIMC or Rvol%. SDF reduced lesion depth and increased SZmax compared with the Control group but showed lower integrated mineral recovery than 5% NaF.
CONCLUSION: The agents produced distinct remineralization patterns. The 5% NaF varnish promoted the most effective and homogeneous response, TCP mainly limited lesion progression in depth, NaF/TCP favored superficial mineralization, and SDF promoted lesion stabilization with moderate superficial mineral reinforcement.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: These findings indicate that professional remineralizing therapies may require repeated applications because agents do not act uniformly in dentin caries lesions. The 5% NaF varnish promoted the most homogeneous mineral recovery, whereas TCP, NaF/TCP, and SDF produced distinct effects on lesion depth, superficial mineralization, and stabilization, supporting treatment-specific clinical decision-making.
METHODS: Artificial dentin caries lesions were created in bovine root dentin blocks and randomly assigned to five groups (n = 12): Control, 5% NaF varnish, TCP varnish, NaF/TCP varnish, and 30% SDF. After treatment, specimens underwent 7 days of pH cycling. Mineral concentration profiles obtained by micro-CT were used to determine integrated mineral concentration (ΔIMC), lesion depth, mean lesion mineral concentration (Rvol%), and maximum mineral concentration in the surface zone (SZmax). Data were analyzed by two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: All treatments promoted remineralization or reduced lesion progression compared with the Control group (p < 0.001). The 5% NaF varnish showed the highest ΔIMC and Rvol% values and the lowest lesion depth (p < 0.05). TCP varnish reduced lesion depth but produced limited mineral recovery. NaF/TCP varnish exhibited high SZmax values, indicating greater superficial mineral accumulation without proportional increases in ΔIMC or Rvol%. SDF reduced lesion depth and increased SZmax compared with the Control group but showed lower integrated mineral recovery than 5% NaF.
CONCLUSION: The agents produced distinct remineralization patterns. The 5% NaF varnish promoted the most effective and homogeneous response, TCP mainly limited lesion progression in depth, NaF/TCP favored superficial mineralization, and SDF promoted lesion stabilization with moderate superficial mineral reinforcement.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: These findings indicate that professional remineralizing therapies may require repeated applications because agents do not act uniformly in dentin caries lesions. The 5% NaF varnish promoted the most homogeneous mineral recovery, whereas TCP, NaF/TCP, and SDF produced distinct effects on lesion depth, superficial mineralization, and stabilization, supporting treatment-specific clinical decision-making.