Journal of psychiatric research · 2026
Associations between childhood trauma and amygdala- and insula-centered resting-state functional connectivity in alcohol use disorder.
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Spagnolo Primavera A, Chholak Robin, Schwandt Melanie, Diazgranados Nancy, Goldman David, Momenan Reza
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Childhood trauma (CT) increases risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and is linked to alterations in several brain regions. However, it remains unclear whether CT is associated with network-level resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) alterations in adults with AUD, and whether trauma subtypes show dissociable neural signatures. We examined associations between cumulative and subtype-specific CT exposure and amygdala- and insula-seeded rs-FC in adults with AUD versus healthy controls (HC).
METHODS: The sample included 214 adults (120 with AUD; 94 HC) who underwent resting-state fMRI and comprehensive clinical assessment. CT exposure was retrospectively assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Whole-brain seed-to-voxel rs-FC analyses were conducted using bilateral amygdala and insula seeds to probe connectivity with large-scale brain networks. Linear mixed-effects models tested interactions between diagnostic group (AUD vs. HC) and CT exposure (total CTQ score and exploratory subtype scores).
RESULTS: Greater cumulative CT exposure was associated with weaker amygdala- and insula-centered rs-FC in AUD relative to HC. The most consistent effects involved reduced connectivity between these seeds-core nodes of the fronto-limbic and salience networks-and regions within the default mode network (DMN) and ventral visual stream. Exploratory CT subtype analyses (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect) revealed largely overlapping rs-FC patterns.
CONCLUSIONS: CT is associated with a distinct pattern of network-level hypoconnectivity in adults with AUD, affecting circuits relevant to emotion regulation, memory, and socio-affective visual processing. The convergence of subtype-specific findings likely reflects high polytraumatization and widespread AUD-related network disruption and should be further investigated in future studies.
METHODS: The sample included 214 adults (120 with AUD; 94 HC) who underwent resting-state fMRI and comprehensive clinical assessment. CT exposure was retrospectively assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Whole-brain seed-to-voxel rs-FC analyses were conducted using bilateral amygdala and insula seeds to probe connectivity with large-scale brain networks. Linear mixed-effects models tested interactions between diagnostic group (AUD vs. HC) and CT exposure (total CTQ score and exploratory subtype scores).
RESULTS: Greater cumulative CT exposure was associated with weaker amygdala- and insula-centered rs-FC in AUD relative to HC. The most consistent effects involved reduced connectivity between these seeds-core nodes of the fronto-limbic and salience networks-and regions within the default mode network (DMN) and ventral visual stream. Exploratory CT subtype analyses (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect) revealed largely overlapping rs-FC patterns.
CONCLUSIONS: CT is associated with a distinct pattern of network-level hypoconnectivity in adults with AUD, affecting circuits relevant to emotion regulation, memory, and socio-affective visual processing. The convergence of subtype-specific findings likely reflects high polytraumatization and widespread AUD-related network disruption and should be further investigated in future studies.