[The value of re-evaluation and thorough family history taking for the diagnostic work-up of chorea].

The differential diagnosis of chorea encompasses a broad range of disorders. In psychiatry, tardive dyskinesia may be difficult to discern from other causes, particularly when the family history is negative. A 59-year-old man with an unclear medical history had been using risperidone for over a decade when we first saw him. He presented with severe dyskinesia in all extremities. The family history for neuropsychiatric disorders was negative. We interpreted the movement disorder as tardive dyskinesia, but later he turned out to suffer from Huntington’s disease. To improve diagnostic accuracy, we should have more frequently re-evaluated the differential diagnosis and our family history should have been more thorough. We outline the diagnostic considerations in patients presenting with chorea. Finally, we highlight the value of diagnostic re-evaluation and thorough family history taking to optimize diagnostic accuracy in neuropsychiatry.