Recent novelties in research and management of cerebrospinal cavernous malformations.

In recent years, knowledge about cerebrospinal cavernomas has grown considerably, leading to the development of initial guidelines and treatment recommendations. However, due to the rarity and heterogeneity of the disease, the level of evidence remains limited, leaving many questions unanswered and subject to ongoing debate. Therefore, an up-to-date review of this field's latest developments and controversies is reasonable.