Annals of Saudi medicine · 2026
Complications of silicone airway stents in malignant and benign central airway stenosis: timing of complications and survival outcomes.
СтатьяСравнительное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Akan Ezgi Gürel, Aktaş Zafer, Öztürk Ayperi Merzi, Yılmaz Aydın
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Silicone airway stents restore airway patency in central airway stenosis but may be complicated by migration, mucostasis, granulation tissue, and tumor overgrowth.
OBJECTIVE: To compare complication profiles, timing of complications, and survival outcomes after silicone airway stent placement in malignant versus benign central airway stenosis.
DESIGN: Retrospective comparative cohort study.
SETTING: Single center, tertiary referral interventional bronchoscopy unit in Ankara, Türkiye.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consecutive adults who underwent silicone airway stent placement by rigid bronchoscopy between September 2012 and July 2017 were reviewed and analyzed.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Complication distribution by etiology, time to first complication, complication-free survival, and stent survival.
SAMPLE SIZE: 80 patients (59 malignant, 21 benign).
RESULTS: Complications occurred in 48% of benign and 30% of malignant cases, with significant differences in complication profiles between groups (P=.003). Migration was the most frequent complication in benign stenosis, whereas stent-edge granulation predominated in malignant stenosis. In benign stenosis, median time to migration, mucostasis, and granulation was 17 days (interquartile range, 6-50), 135.5 days (63-140.5), and 206 days (103.8-354.5), respectively. In malignant stenosis, the corresponding times were 25.5 (21.3-29.8), 22 (21.3-22.0), and 89 days (57.5-181.5), while stent-margin tumor overgrowth was 105 days (78.5-174.5). Median complication-free survival was 500 days (95% CI, 353-857), with no significant difference between benign (701 days) and malignant (410 days) groups (P=.5138). Median stent survival was 578 days (95% CI, 351-956), also comparable between groups (351 vs 578 days; P=.9688).
CONCLUSIONS: Silicone airway stenting is associated with distinct complication patterns and timing in benign and malignant central airway stenosis. These findings support structured post-stent bronchoscopic surveillance.
LIMITATIONS: Retrospective single-center design, small benign subgroup, symptom-driven follow-up, and potential confounding and immortal-time bias in survival analyses.
OBJECTIVE: To compare complication profiles, timing of complications, and survival outcomes after silicone airway stent placement in malignant versus benign central airway stenosis.
DESIGN: Retrospective comparative cohort study.
SETTING: Single center, tertiary referral interventional bronchoscopy unit in Ankara, Türkiye.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consecutive adults who underwent silicone airway stent placement by rigid bronchoscopy between September 2012 and July 2017 were reviewed and analyzed.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Complication distribution by etiology, time to first complication, complication-free survival, and stent survival.
SAMPLE SIZE: 80 patients (59 malignant, 21 benign).
RESULTS: Complications occurred in 48% of benign and 30% of malignant cases, with significant differences in complication profiles between groups (P=.003). Migration was the most frequent complication in benign stenosis, whereas stent-edge granulation predominated in malignant stenosis. In benign stenosis, median time to migration, mucostasis, and granulation was 17 days (interquartile range, 6-50), 135.5 days (63-140.5), and 206 days (103.8-354.5), respectively. In malignant stenosis, the corresponding times were 25.5 (21.3-29.8), 22 (21.3-22.0), and 89 days (57.5-181.5), while stent-margin tumor overgrowth was 105 days (78.5-174.5). Median complication-free survival was 500 days (95% CI, 353-857), with no significant difference between benign (701 days) and malignant (410 days) groups (P=.5138). Median stent survival was 578 days (95% CI, 351-956), also comparable between groups (351 vs 578 days; P=.9688).
CONCLUSIONS: Silicone airway stenting is associated with distinct complication patterns and timing in benign and malignant central airway stenosis. These findings support structured post-stent bronchoscopic surveillance.
LIMITATIONS: Retrospective single-center design, small benign subgroup, symptom-driven follow-up, and potential confounding and immortal-time bias in survival analyses.