Primary lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma of the breast with invasion of the pectoralis major muscle: A case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Atypical Lipoma/Well Differentiated Liposarcoma (ALT/WDLS) is a moderate malignant soft tissue sarcoma originating from mesenchymal tissue. It is the most common subtype of liposarcoma, typically found in the retroperitoneum and limbs. It is extremely rare in the breast. Due to its mild morphology and polymorphic changes associated with various subtypes, ALT/WDLS can easily be mistaken for other benign breast tumors. Accurate diagnosis requires careful evaluation of different morphological features, molecular genetic changes, and clinical characteristics.

CASE INTRODUCTION: This article reports a case of breast ALT/WDLS in a 68 year old female. Examination indicates a mass in the right chest, with unclear boundaries with adjacent chest wall muscle. Subsequently, surgical treatment was performed, and pathological results confirmed ALT/WDLS.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: It is rare for ALT/WDLS to originate from the breast. When dealing with breast adipose tissue masses, it is necessary to carefully distinguish the clinical manifestations of benign lipomas and ALT/WDLS. Although ALT/WDLS is moderately malignant, its imaging and clinical similarities to benign lipomas should not be taken lightly in diagnosis. Pathological evaluation and molecular biology examination of tumors can provide important diagnostic criteria for differentiation.

CONCLUSION: This report emphasizes the need to differentiate benign lipomas from ALT/WDLS when evaluating breast adipose tissue masses. This case also highlights the importance of early detection and accurate diagnosis, reminding clinicians to remain highly vigilant when facing similar cases and to conduct comprehensive diagnosis and treatment through multidisciplinary evaluation.