Frontiers in oral health · 2026
Clinical and laboratory biomarker correlates of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancer status in a large retrospective clinical database.
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Ghanem Amr Sayed, Bata Róbert, Erdei Renáta Jávorné, Móré Marianna, Nagy Attila Csaba
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (LOCP) comprises a clinically relevant spectrum of contiguous head-and-neck malignancies, yet large real-world datasets with linked blood data remain uncommon. This study investigated demographic, comorbidity-related, gingival/periodontal, and routine laboratory correlates of recorded ICD-10 C00-C14 LOCP cancer status.
METHODS: This patient-level cross-sectional study included 333,807 unique patients from 805,989 clinical records at the University of Debrecen between 2007 and 2022. Descriptive analyses used Pearson's chi-squared and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Multivariable logistic regression was applied in four primary models.
RESULTS: Overall, 1,963 patients (0.59%) had recorded LOCP cancer status. In the base clinical model, LOCP cancer status was associated with male sex (OR=3.95, 95% CI: 3.56-4.38), age 45-64 years (OR=10.67, 95% CI: 8.86-12.86), age ≥65 years (OR=7.27, 95% CI: 5.97-8.85), and K05-coded gingival/periodontal disease (OR=8.23, 95% CI: 6.16-10.98). Among biomarkers, log-transformed CRP showed the clearest independent association (OR per 1-SD increase = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.47-1.65), while hemoglobin was inversely associated (OR per 1-SD increase = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71-0.79). CRP quartiles showed a graded pattern, with Q4 associated with higher odds than Q1 (OR=3.73, 95% CI: 3.01-4.63). Biomarkers modestly improved AUC in complete-case subsets.
CONCLUSIONS: Recorded LOCP cancer status was associated with a distinct inflammatory and hematological profile, mainly higher CRP and lower hemoglobin. Longitudinal, site-specific datasets with richer behavioral and tumor-level information are needed before these markers can be interpreted as predictive or etiological indicators.
METHODS: This patient-level cross-sectional study included 333,807 unique patients from 805,989 clinical records at the University of Debrecen between 2007 and 2022. Descriptive analyses used Pearson's chi-squared and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Multivariable logistic regression was applied in four primary models.
RESULTS: Overall, 1,963 patients (0.59%) had recorded LOCP cancer status. In the base clinical model, LOCP cancer status was associated with male sex (OR=3.95, 95% CI: 3.56-4.38), age 45-64 years (OR=10.67, 95% CI: 8.86-12.86), age ≥65 years (OR=7.27, 95% CI: 5.97-8.85), and K05-coded gingival/periodontal disease (OR=8.23, 95% CI: 6.16-10.98). Among biomarkers, log-transformed CRP showed the clearest independent association (OR per 1-SD increase = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.47-1.65), while hemoglobin was inversely associated (OR per 1-SD increase = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71-0.79). CRP quartiles showed a graded pattern, with Q4 associated with higher odds than Q1 (OR=3.73, 95% CI: 3.01-4.63). Biomarkers modestly improved AUC in complete-case subsets.
CONCLUSIONS: Recorded LOCP cancer status was associated with a distinct inflammatory and hematological profile, mainly higher CRP and lower hemoglobin. Longitudinal, site-specific datasets with richer behavioral and tumor-level information are needed before these markers can be interpreted as predictive or etiological indicators.