Ophthalmology · 2001
Nyctalopia in antiquity: a review of the ancient Greek, Latin, and Byzantine literature.
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Brouzas D, Charakidas A, Vasilakis M, Nikakis P, Chatzoulis D
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the original definition and use of the term nyctalopia in ancient medical literature in view of the controversy between the English and some continental European literatures.
DESIGN: Historical manuscript.
METHODS: We review the use of the term in ancient Greek, Roman, and early Byzantine medical literature (5th century BC-7th century AD) and include a quick reference to the theories on its etymology.
RESULTS: Physicians of antiquity defined as nyctalopia the symptom of defective dark adaptation, most commonly in the clinical setting of vitamin A deficiency. An alternative definition, the improvement of vision at night, is not recorded before the 2nd century AD and seems to result from a broader interpretation of the word, lacking medical acceptance at that time.
CONCLUSIONS: We propose to the ophthalmic community the use of the term nyctalopia exclusively for the description of defective dark adaptation.
DESIGN: Historical manuscript.
METHODS: We review the use of the term in ancient Greek, Roman, and early Byzantine medical literature (5th century BC-7th century AD) and include a quick reference to the theories on its etymology.
RESULTS: Physicians of antiquity defined as nyctalopia the symptom of defective dark adaptation, most commonly in the clinical setting of vitamin A deficiency. An alternative definition, the improvement of vision at night, is not recorded before the 2nd century AD and seems to result from a broader interpretation of the word, lacking medical acceptance at that time.
CONCLUSIONS: We propose to the ophthalmic community the use of the term nyctalopia exclusively for the description of defective dark adaptation.