Journal of affective disorders · 2024
Effects of arketamine on depression-like behaviors and demyelination in mice exposed to chronic restrain stress: A role of transforming growth factor-β1.
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Xu Dan, Liu Guilin, Zhao Mingming, Wan Xiayun, Qu Youge, Murayama Rumi, Hashimoto Kenji
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Chronic restrain stress (CRS) induces depression-like behaviors and demyelination in the brain; however, the relationship between these depression-like behaviors and demyelination remains unclear. Arketamine, the (R)-enantiomer of ketamine, has shown rapid antidepressant-like effects in CRS-exposed mice.
METHODS: We examined whether arketamine can improve both depression-like behaviors and demyelination in the brains of CRS-exposed mice. Additionally, we investigated the role of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the beneficial effects of arketamine.
RESULTS: A single dose of arketamine (10 mg/kg) improved both depression-like behavior and demyelination in the corpus callosum of CRS-exposed mice. Correlations were found between depression-like behaviors and demyelination in this region. Furthermore, pretreatment with RepSox, an inhibitor of TGF-β1 receptor, significantly blocked the beneficial effects of arketamine on depression-like behaviors and demyelination in CRS-exposed mice. Finally, a single intranasal administration of TGF-β1 ameliorated both depression-like behaviors and demyelination in CRS-exposed mice.
LIMITATIONS: The precise mechanisms by which TGF-β1 contributes to the effects of arketamine remain unclear.
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that CRS-induced demyelination in the corpus callosum may contribute to depression-like behaviors, and that arketamine can mitigate these changes through a TGF-β1-dependent mechanism.
METHODS: We examined whether arketamine can improve both depression-like behaviors and demyelination in the brains of CRS-exposed mice. Additionally, we investigated the role of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the beneficial effects of arketamine.
RESULTS: A single dose of arketamine (10 mg/kg) improved both depression-like behavior and demyelination in the corpus callosum of CRS-exposed mice. Correlations were found between depression-like behaviors and demyelination in this region. Furthermore, pretreatment with RepSox, an inhibitor of TGF-β1 receptor, significantly blocked the beneficial effects of arketamine on depression-like behaviors and demyelination in CRS-exposed mice. Finally, a single intranasal administration of TGF-β1 ameliorated both depression-like behaviors and demyelination in CRS-exposed mice.
LIMITATIONS: The precise mechanisms by which TGF-β1 contributes to the effects of arketamine remain unclear.
CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that CRS-induced demyelination in the corpus callosum may contribute to depression-like behaviors, and that arketamine can mitigate these changes through a TGF-β1-dependent mechanism.