Journal of virological methods · 2026
First report of laboratory-confirmed Zika virus infection in human from South Karnataka, India: A case study.
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Koppad Mallikarjun, Shivakumaraswamy Santhosh Kogaluru, Goolappa Puneeth Thaduru, Mahabaleswara Maithili Thotadur, Siddappa Kasabi Gudadappa, Eswarappa Premalatha Dindare, Channappa Siddesh Kaalavvala
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Zika virus is a member of flaviviruses group and is primarily transmitted by infected mosquito. Most of the Zika virus infections are subclinical or self limiting illness like dengue fever, but certain cases are manifested with Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults and microcephaly in neonates from infected mothers. Since 2016, India has considerably reported the Zika virus infection from different states (Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Kerala, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh). Similarly there was a case suspecting arboviral infection in Shivamogga city in Mid June, 2024 and found positive for Zika virus.
METHOD-: A serum sample of patient with hemorrhagic fever syndrome from private super speciality hospital suspecting for Zika virus infection was collected and sent to our laboratory for diagnosis of Zika virus. The sample was screened by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and confirmed by nucleotide sequencing. Further, the sample was examined for presence of anti-Zika IgM antibody. Finding- The real time RT-PCR result revealed the presence Zika virus RNA in the sample (CT value- 27) and it was further confirmed by sequencing the partial envelope (E) gene. Additionally, the subsequent serum sample was positive for anti-Zika IgM antibody. The phylogenetic analysis evidenced that Zika virus identified in this study belongs to the Asian lineage and was homogenous to the previously reported strains from India.
INTERPRETATION: The patient without any travel history admitted for hemorrhagic fever was found positive with Zika virus. This is the first case of laboratory-confirmed Zika virus infection in human from Shivamogga, South Karnataka. It was further confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of envelope coding region and detecting anti-Zika virus antibody. However further studies have to be transacted to know the source of infection and systematic community based surveillance is need of the hour for early detection of Zika virus transmission.
METHOD-: A serum sample of patient with hemorrhagic fever syndrome from private super speciality hospital suspecting for Zika virus infection was collected and sent to our laboratory for diagnosis of Zika virus. The sample was screened by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and confirmed by nucleotide sequencing. Further, the sample was examined for presence of anti-Zika IgM antibody. Finding- The real time RT-PCR result revealed the presence Zika virus RNA in the sample (CT value- 27) and it was further confirmed by sequencing the partial envelope (E) gene. Additionally, the subsequent serum sample was positive for anti-Zika IgM antibody. The phylogenetic analysis evidenced that Zika virus identified in this study belongs to the Asian lineage and was homogenous to the previously reported strains from India.
INTERPRETATION: The patient without any travel history admitted for hemorrhagic fever was found positive with Zika virus. This is the first case of laboratory-confirmed Zika virus infection in human from Shivamogga, South Karnataka. It was further confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of envelope coding region and detecting anti-Zika virus antibody. However further studies have to be transacted to know the source of infection and systematic community based surveillance is need of the hour for early detection of Zika virus transmission.