Historical evidence supports El Greco's depiction of a neurological condition in his attributed self-portrait.

Icono-diagnosis, the retrospective image-based diagnosis of pathologies, was applied to the canvas "Portrait of an Old Man" (1595-1600), an attributed self-portrait painted by El Greco. The presence of congenital enophthalmos, strabismus, probable amblyopia and signs of left neglect were found. We assume these sign may be consistent an ischemic event affecting the right middle cerebral artery supply territory. Historically, motor activity was not compromised and the painter was able to return to portraiture. Documental evidence indicates, that a few years later (1608), El Greco suffered another cerebrovascular event resulting in agraphia. The pictorial and historical evidence is consistent with multiple ischemic events resulting in progressive disabilities with fluctuating course characterized by temporary improvements and worsening before his death in 1614.