Histopathological features of nine cases of primary orbital and ocular adnexal lymphoma.

PURPOSE: Primary orbital and ocular adnexal lymphoma (POAL) is very rare. Yet, limited data are available based on the pattern of POAL in Saudi Arabia. The study aimed to evaluate their pathological features in a cohort of patients at two tertiary hospitals.

METHODS

All cases diagnosed with POAL in two tertiary hospitals between June 2003 and March 2023 were included. Histopathological and immunohistochemical slides were reviewed. Clinical data were collected. Additional immunohistochemistry stains were performed in selected cases.

RESULTS

There were nine cases of POAL. Patients' ages ranged between 30 and 64 years (median years and mean 50.1 years), with 4 (44%) males and 5 (56%) females. The clinical manifestations included protrusion of the eye, palpable mass, conjunctival swelling, pain, foreign-body sensation, and visual disturbances. Pathological evaluation revealed 4 low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas, 2 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), 1 T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia, 1 B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia, and G1 follicular lymphoma.

CONCLUSION

MALT lymphomas represented the most common lymphoma type, followed by DLBCL, which is similar to studies reported worldwide. Other studies are required to highlight more about the pattern of these diseases in the kingdom.