Transduodenal robotic ampullectomy: tips and tricks and strategies for postoperative duodenal fistula management (with video).

Transduodenal Ampullectomy (TA) is a procedure for resecting low-malignancy ampullary tumors, with postoperative fistula as a notable complication. This study aims to clarify the indications for TA, outline the surgical robotic technique, and emphasize the importance of comprehensive complication management alongside the surgical approach. This multimedia article provides a detailed exposition of the robotic TA surgical technique, including the most important steps involved in exposing and reimplanting biliary and pancreatic ducts. The procedure encompasses the mobilization of the hepatic flexure of the colon, an extensive Kocher maneuver for duodenal mobilization, and ampulla exposure through a duodenal incision. Employing retraction loop sutures enhances surgical field visibility. Reconstruction involves securing pancreatic and biliary ducts to the duodenal mucosa, each tutored with a silicon catheter, and suturing for ampullectomy completion. The total operative time was 380 min. Final histopathology disclosed high-grade dysplasia with an isolated focus of adenocarcinoma (pT1), accompanied by clear resection margins. A postoperative duodenal fistula occurred, managed successfully through conservative treatment, utilizing subcutaneous drainage. Despite accurate robotic TA execution, complications may arise. This study underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach, incorporating meticulous surgical technique and effective complication management, to optimize patient outcomes.