A next generation of the schema therapy model of personality pathology: A cross-cultural and international study protocol.
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Mamali Freideriki Carmen, Rijkeboer Marleen, Molenaar Dylan, Rameckers Sophie A, Panzeri Marta, Arntz Arnoud, Lee Christopher W, Brockman Robert, Ho Tan Daniela, Mozumder Muhammad Kamruzzaman, Gayen Tarun Kanti, Dyakov Dmitry, Stabrouskaya Yuliya, Gatam Amirov, Lobanovich Vladislav, Kanavina Sofiya, Romanovich Veronika, Andreevich Olkhouka Artsiom, Tkhoryk Natallia, Shabaikovich Aliaksandra, Dierckx Eva, Pauwels Els, Eggermont Kristina, Matos Fabiola Rodrigues, Puléo Barela Renan, Frossard Lilian Queiroz, Lazarova Irina S, Peneva Krista, Katrandjieva Atanaska, St Lazarova Anna, Zhu Yawen, Lyu Baozhen, Liu Yuhan, Li Libo, Qin Hongxia, Guo Xiaowei, Hu Xin, Zhang Songhao, Ma Olivia Y T, Tang Aled L Y, Moeller Stine Bjerrum, Arendt Ida-Marie T P, Bach Bo, Meline Jacob, Tapia Géraldine, M'bailara Katia, Abdushelishvili Ketevan, Begiashvili Archil, Badrishvili Natia, Gvinianidze Ana, Akopashvili Lana, Khabazi Irma, Kopf-Beck Johannes, Leithne Cosima, Renner Fritz, Egli Samy, Quaatz Sarah M, Malogiannis Ioannis A, Giannoulis Eleni, Simos Gregoris, Unoka Zsolt, Simon Lajos, Simon Viktoria, Munivenkatappa Manjula, Sudhir Paulomi Matam, Kohli Tavleen Kaur, Shrivastava Apoorva, Misra Arpita Alok, Khanna Anisha, Louis John Philip, Santoso Naomi Maurilla, Shanti Theresia Indira, Witarso Laurentius Sandi, Hedayati Maryam, Samimi Adeleh, Malekasgar Saade, Basile Barbara, Krone Ilona, Orupe Agnese, Gecaite-Stonciene Julija, Pociunaite Justina, Renee Tan Huey Jing, Chan Edward, Heimkumar Veerathayalani, Kadri Nadia, Karroumi Saadia, Chentaf Fatima Zahra, Ezzahiri Naima, Rachidi Hind, Bouchebti Soukaina, Bouidar Hind, Hikmat Wydad, Chroukate Fouzia, Ennaciri Zainaib, Thimm Jens C, Lorentzen Veronica, Michałowski Jarosław M, Popiel Agnieszka E, Mącik Dorota, Browarczyk Weronika Maria, Céu Salvador Maria do, Păduraru Ancuța Elena, Semeniuc Suzana E, Stroian Paula I, Șubredu Irina, Yaltonskaya Alexandra, Maryasova Darya, Titova Olga, Gegel Natalia, Gorodentseva Natalia, Skryabina Maria, Plichko Alena, Pavlova Olga, Prokaeva Svetlana, Malashchanka Viktoryia, Michelle Neo Hui Ling, Stein Dan J, Hawa Waseem, Hartmann Jean-Pierre, Lee Eunhee, Song Younghee, Gómez-Juanes Rocío, Calvete Esther, Cid Jordi, Schmidt Ralph E, Homan Stephanie, Sakulsriprasert Chaiyun, Phukao Darunee, Thawornwutichat Ratipan, Mamoon Welika, Chandraungs Anuk, Supreeyaporn Nanthaka, Bachrach Nathan, Keulen-de Vos Marije, Lobbestael Jill, Dorrestijn Eline, Krans Julie, Yakin Duygu, Baştak Deniz, Taşlioğlu Sayiner Aliye Canan, İnce Başak, Tasilaridis Stephanie, Ergelen Mine, Kennedy Fiona C, Taylor Christopher D J, First Michael B, Lockwood George, Appenzeller Zachary, Norton Alice R, Seeley-Wait Elizabeth, Abbott Maree J, Allen Karina L, Hasan Surilena, Morales Hernández Sergio Alejandro, Sharaf Abdelrahman Mohamed, Ruths Florian Alexander
Аннотация
AIMS: This project has two primary aims: (1) To develop revised instruments based on the reformulated theory that are psychometrically sound and valid across diverse cultures and languages. (2) To validate the Schema Therapy-related constructs and their inter-relationships across cultures.
METHODS: New draft versions of the Young Schema Questionnaire, Schema Coping Inventory, and Schema Mode Inventory were developed. Before dissemination, these instruments will undergo rigorous psychometric evaluation to refine item sets and ensure linguistic and conceptual consistency. A minimum of 100 adult mental health patients and 100 non-patients from each participating country will complete the revised instruments. Sociodemographic and mental health-related variables will also be assessed. Statistical analyses will evaluate (a) internal consistency, (b) unidimensionality, (c) cross-cultural invariance, (d) factorial validity (if possible), and (e) known-group validity. Malfunctioning items will be deleted, and subscales will be shortened, if possible, targeting internal consistency of ≥.80.
EXPECTED OUTCOMES: This study is expected to yield optimized versions of the three instruments aligned with the reformulated theory. These findings will inform subsequent international studies to further assess the structural and cross-cultural validity of the revised scales. The resulting empirically validated scales will be openly accessible, facilitating worldwide utilization.
DISCUSSION: This protocol outlines the first international study based on the reformulated theory, aiming to extend the psychopathological coverage and enhance the cross-cultural application of evidence-based treatments for personality pathology. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. Potential limitations are discussed.