The relationship between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 gene polymorphisms and skin barrier function, inflammatory cytokine levels in acne patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the association between MMP-2 rs243865 and TIMP-2 rs8179090 gene polymorphisms and skin barrier function, as well as inflammatory cytokine levels, in acne patients, to explore potential genetic mechanisms underlying acne pathogenesis.

METHODS

A total of 200 acne patients and 100 healthy controls were enrolled. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP. Skin barrier function was assessed via transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and hydration measurements. Serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were quantified by ELISA. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation and logistic regression.

RESULTS

The MMP-2-CC and TIMP-2-CC genotypes were significantly more prevalent in acne patients (p < 0.05). These genotypes correlated with higher TEWL (p < 0.05), reduced skin hydration (p < 0.05), and elevated IL-1β and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05) compared to CT/TT genotypes. Logistic regression confirmed associations between CC genotypes and increased acne severity (OR = 1.86-2.24).

CONCLUSION

The MMP-2 and TIMP-2 CC genotypes are linked to impaired skin barrier function and heightened inflammation in acne, suggesting their role in genetic susceptibility and disease progression. These findings may inform future targeted therapies.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier is NCT07069075.