[Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome].

The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), occurring in chronically HIV-infected patients, is a set of heterogeneous pathological manifestations attributed to an excessive and deregulated immune response to various pathogens and non infectious stimuli shortly after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Mycobacteria and fungi are the main causes of IRIS, but many other pathogens and autoimmune/inflammatory disorders have also been incriminated Diagnosis is difficult and the optimal therapeutic strategy remains to be determined. Steroids have been recommended for tuberculosis-associated IRIS. Outcome is generally favorable, with the exception of central nervous system involvement.