Drugs and polymer based local delivery systems in the treatment of periodontal diseases.

This review explores the innovative approaches in localized drug delivery systems specifically designed to manage periodontal diseases (PD). The primary focus is on how these systems enhance the concentration of therapeutic agents at the site of infection, thereby minimizing systemic side effects and improving treatment outcomes. It emphasizes the role of biodegradable and bioadhesive polymers as carriers for sustained drug release. The chapter reviews different local drug delivery systems, such as fibers, films, chips, microparticles, and gels, highlighting their mechanisms of action, advantages, and limitations. It also discusses commonly used drugs, including chlorhexidine, doxycycline, metronidazole, and tetracycline, which are encapsulated within these systems to improve therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, the chapter delves into the polymers used in drug delivery, categorizing them into natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers, each offering unique benefits regarding biocompatibility and drug release kinetics. Polymeric therapeutics for controlled and sustained release further support the development of localized treatments. Overall, this chapter underscores the advancements in drug delivery technologies that promise to revolutionize the treatment of PD by reducing systemic side effects and optimizing therapeutic outcomes.