Effect of head and facial massage combined with aromatherapy on sleep quality and delirium in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND

Delirium and sleep disturbances are common among patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CCU), often leading to increased mortality and prolonged hospitalization. Non-pharmacological interventions such as massage and aromatherapy may offer supportive benefits in managing these complications.

METHODS

This parallel randomized clinical trial included 198 CCU patients diagnosed with AMI. Participants were randomly allocated into three groups: Group A received head and facial massage with lavender essential oil; Group B received massage with unscented sweet almond oil; Group C served as the control group with no massage. The intervention was administered twice daily for 20 min over two consecutive days. Delirium severity was assessed using the Neelon and Champagne Confusion Scale (NEECHAM), and sleep quality was evaluated using the St. Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire (SMHSQ).

RESULTS

Both intervention groups demonstrated significant improvements in sleep quantity and quality compared to the control group. Additionally, delirium severity was lower in the massage groups. These effects were sustained over time, suggesting the potential of head and facial massage-with or without aromatherapy-as a beneficial complementary therapy in cardiac care.

CONCLUSION

Head and facial massage, whether combined with lavender aromatherapy or not, appears to be a safe, cost-effective, and practical method for improving sleep and managing delirium in CCU patients. Incorporating such complementary approaches into routine nursing care may enhance patient outcomes, reduce reliance on medication, and shorten hospital stays.