ADMET & DMPK · 2025
Precision therapeutics in non-scarring alopecia: a systemic genomic and pathway-based framework for targeted interventions.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Kapoor Rinky, Bellani Depti, Patil Raji, Bose Debalina, Pola Madhuri, Singh Prashant Anilkumar, Mishra Mamata, Shome Debraj
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Non-scarring alopecia, principally androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata is highly prevalent and psychologically burdensome; androgenetic alopecia is androgen-driven, whereas alopecia areata is autoimmune. This review synthesizes genetic architecture and pathway biology to outline a precision framework for targeted interventions.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We reviewed full-text studies from the past decade across PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar, applying explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria; emphasis was placed on Genome wide association studies and Next generation sequencing findings, immune and androgen-axis biology, environmental modifiers, and therapeutic evidence (conventional, targeted, and regenerative), alongside artificial Intelligence-enabled diagnostics.
KEY RESULTS: Androgenetic alopecia risk converges on androgen-receptor signalling and related loci, with perifollicular inflammation and oxidative stress as modifiers; finasteride remains a cornerstone therapy. Alopecia areata reflects polygenic immune dysregulation (e.g. Human leukocyte antigen/cytokine axes) with Janus Kinase-pathway inhibition yielding robust regrowth; across phenotypes, wingless-related integration sit/β-catenin and stem-cell programs are central targets. Regenerative options (Protein Rich Plasma, stem-cell/exosome approaches) and artificial Intelligence-assisted stratification are emerging adjuncts.
CONCLUSION: A pathway-guided, genotype and phenotype-informed strategy, targeting the androgen axis for androgenetic alopecia, immune circuits for alopecia areata, and adding regenerative or microenvironmental therapies where indicated-promises earlier diagnosis and more durable, individualized outcomes, especially as genome-wide association study/next-generation sequencing and artificial Intelligence tools are integrated into care.
EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: We reviewed full-text studies from the past decade across PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar, applying explicit inclusion/exclusion criteria; emphasis was placed on Genome wide association studies and Next generation sequencing findings, immune and androgen-axis biology, environmental modifiers, and therapeutic evidence (conventional, targeted, and regenerative), alongside artificial Intelligence-enabled diagnostics.
KEY RESULTS: Androgenetic alopecia risk converges on androgen-receptor signalling and related loci, with perifollicular inflammation and oxidative stress as modifiers; finasteride remains a cornerstone therapy. Alopecia areata reflects polygenic immune dysregulation (e.g. Human leukocyte antigen/cytokine axes) with Janus Kinase-pathway inhibition yielding robust regrowth; across phenotypes, wingless-related integration sit/β-catenin and stem-cell programs are central targets. Regenerative options (Protein Rich Plasma, stem-cell/exosome approaches) and artificial Intelligence-assisted stratification are emerging adjuncts.
CONCLUSION: A pathway-guided, genotype and phenotype-informed strategy, targeting the androgen axis for androgenetic alopecia, immune circuits for alopecia areata, and adding regenerative or microenvironmental therapies where indicated-promises earlier diagnosis and more durable, individualized outcomes, especially as genome-wide association study/next-generation sequencing and artificial Intelligence tools are integrated into care.