Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2025
Assessment of Vitamin D Deficiency and its Association with Musculoskeletal Pain in Children.
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Aijazuddin Amreen, Patidar Ramesh Chandra, Sharma Swati, Yadav Apna, Tharunkumar J N, Reddy N Sunny Babu, Mehta Miral
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in skeletal growth, bone mineralization, and musculoskeletal health. A rising trend in vitamin D deficiency among children has raised concerns, particularly with complaints of chronic musculoskeletal pain that may be attributable to suboptimal vitamin D levels.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over 12 months in a tertiary pediatric hospital. A total of 300 children presenting with nonspecific musculoskeletal pain were enrolled. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels were measured, and musculoskeletal pain was assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and physical examination. Children were categorized into vitamin D sufficient (>30 ng/mL), insufficient (20-30 ng/mL), and deficient (<20 ng/mL) groups. Statistical analysis included ANOVA and chi-square tests.
RESULTS: Among 300 children, 180 (60%) were vitamin D deficient, 72 (24%) insufficient, and 48 (16%) sufficient. Mean serum 25(OH) D levels were 16.2 ± 4.3 ng/mL in the deficient group and 31.7 ± 3.5 ng/mL in the sufficient group. Children with deficiency reported higher VAS scores (mean: 6.8 ± 1.5) compared to those with sufficient levels (mean: 3.1 ± 1.1, P < 0.001). Lower limb pain (56%) and generalized body aches (43%) were more frequent in the deficient group.
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with increased severity and widespread distribution of musculoskeletal pain in children. Early screening and supplementation may reduce symptom burden and improve quality of life.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over 12 months in a tertiary pediatric hospital. A total of 300 children presenting with nonspecific musculoskeletal pain were enrolled. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels were measured, and musculoskeletal pain was assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and physical examination. Children were categorized into vitamin D sufficient (>30 ng/mL), insufficient (20-30 ng/mL), and deficient (<20 ng/mL) groups. Statistical analysis included ANOVA and chi-square tests.
RESULTS: Among 300 children, 180 (60%) were vitamin D deficient, 72 (24%) insufficient, and 48 (16%) sufficient. Mean serum 25(OH) D levels were 16.2 ± 4.3 ng/mL in the deficient group and 31.7 ± 3.5 ng/mL in the sufficient group. Children with deficiency reported higher VAS scores (mean: 6.8 ± 1.5) compared to those with sufficient levels (mean: 3.1 ± 1.1, P < 0.001). Lower limb pain (56%) and generalized body aches (43%) were more frequent in the deficient group.
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with increased severity and widespread distribution of musculoskeletal pain in children. Early screening and supplementation may reduce symptom burden and improve quality of life.